NExt pharmacology: Receptor acting for Drug action
1. G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs):
- These receptors are involved in the regulation of many physiological processes.
- Example drugs: Beta-blockers, antihistamines.
2. Ion Channel Receptors:
- These receptors regulate the flow of ions across cell membranes, influencing cell excitability.
- Example drugs: Local anesthetics, anti-epileptic drugs.
3. Enzyme-Linked Receptors:
- Receptors with intrinsic enzymatic activity, often involved in cell growth and differentiation.
- Example drugs: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (used in cancer therapy).
4. Nuclear Receptors:
- Intracellular receptors that regulate gene expression.
- Example drugs: Corticosteroids, sex hormones.
5. Tyrosine Kinase Receptors:
- Receptors with kinase activity, involved in cell growth and differentiation.
- Example drugs: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors.
6. Serotonin Receptors:
- Involved in the regulation of mood, appetite, and sleep.
- Example drugs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
7. Dopamine Receptors:
- Play a role in the regulation of movement, emotion, and motivation.
- Example drugs: Antipsychotics, Parkinson's disease medications.
8. Adrenergic Receptors:
- Respond to neurotransmitters like adrenaline and noradrenaline.
- Example drugs: Beta-blockers, alpha-adrenergic agonists.
9. Histamine Receptors:
- Involved in allergic responses, gastric acid secretion, and neurotransmission.
- Example drugs: Antihistamines.
10. Cannabinoid Receptors:
- Play a role in pain modulation, appetite, and immune function.
- Example drugs: Cannabinoid receptor agonists.
Understanding the specific receptor type targeted by a drug is essential for designing effective medications and minimizing side effects.
1. What is the primary function of G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)?
- A) Gene regulation
- B) Ion channel activation
- C) Signal transmission
- D) Enzyme inhibition
- Answer: C) Signal transmission
2. Local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, exert their effects by interacting with which type of receptors?
- A) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
- B) GPCRs
- C) Ion Channel Receptors
- D) Nuclear Receptors
- Answer: C) Ion Channel Receptors
3. Which type of receptors is associated with intrinsic enzymatic activity and is often involved in cell growth and differentiation?
- A) GPCRs
- B) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
- C) Enzyme-Linked Receptors
- D) Ion Channel Receptors
- Answer: C) Enzyme-Linked Receptors
4. Corticosteroids, which regulate gene expression, act on which type of receptors?
- A) Nuclear Receptors
- B) GPCRs
- C) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
- D) Adrenergic Receptors
- Answer: A) Nuclear Receptors
5. EGFR inhibitors, used in cancer therapy, target which type of receptors?
- A) Serotonin Receptors
- B) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
- C) Adrenergic Receptors
- D) Ion Channel Receptors
- Answer: B) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
6. SSRIs, commonly prescribed for depression, act on which type of receptors?
- A) Dopamine Receptors
- B) Serotonin Receptors
- C) GPCRs
- D) Cannabinoid Receptors
- Answer: B) Serotonin Receptors
7. Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the activation of Dopamine Receptors?
- A) Adrenaline
- B) Serotonin
- C) Dopamine
- D) Histamine
- Answer: C) Dopamine
8. Beta-blockers, used to treat conditions like hypertension, act as antagonists at which type of receptors?
- A) GPCRs
- B) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
- C) Adrenergic Receptors
- D) Ion Channel Receptors
- Answer: C) Adrenergic Receptors
9. Antihistamines, commonly used for allergy relief, target receptors associated with which neurotransmitter?
- A) Dopamine
- B) Serotonin
- C) Histamine
- D) Adrenaline
- Answer: C) Histamine
10. THC, the active component in cannabis, exerts its effects by interacting with which type of receptors?
- A) Cannabinoid Receptors
- B) GPCRs
- C) Ion Channel Receptors
- D) Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
- Answer: A) Cannabinoid Receptors
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