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Abtropfung or dropping off effect is seen in (A) Intradermal nevus (B) Compound nevus (C) Junctional nevus (D) Blue nevus The term "abtropfung" or "dropping off effect" in the context of dermatology refers to a characteristic feature of a type of skin nevus (mole) known as a compound nevus. A compound nevus is a type of mole that is composed of melanocytes (cells that produce pigment) located both in the epidermis (the outer layer of the skin) and the dermis (the deeper layer of the skin). The term "abtropfung" or "dropping off effect" is used to describe the appearance of these nevi when they start to lose their melanocytes or pigmented cells, and these cells appear to drop off or disappear over time. So, the "abtropfung" effect is characteristic of compound nevi (B) and is not typically associated with other types of nevi like intradermal nevi (A), junctional nevi (C), or blue nevi (D). Follow us on WhatsApp channel 

The carbon dioxide (CO2) laser is a type of medical laser that has found applications in various fields, including dentistry. In dental procedures, the CO2 laser is used for its precision, minimally invasive nature, and ability to coagulate soft tissues effectively. Here are some ways the CO2 laser is utilized in dental treatments: 1. **Soft Tissue Surgery:** The CO2 laser is commonly used in oral surgery for procedures like gum contouring, gingivectomy (removing excess gum tissue), frenectomy (removing a frenulum), and treating oral lesions. It provides precise cutting, minimal bleeding, and reduced post-operative discomfort. 2. **Gingival Troughing:** In restorative procedures like crown placement, the CO2 laser can be used for gingival troughing, which involves creating space around the tooth to make impressions and ensure accurate fit of dental restorations. 3. **Periodontal Procedures:** The CO2 laser is employed in periodontal treatments to remove infected or inflamed