NExt pathology: ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis is a serious medical condition that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones, acidic compounds, as a result of the breakdown of fats for energy. It most commonly occurs in individuals with diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, when there is a lack of sufficient insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. There are two main types of ketoacidosis: diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA). **Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA):** DKA is a life-threatening complication of diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes. It can also occur in some cases of type 2 diabetes. DKA develops when there is not enough insulin available to help the body's cells use glucose for energy. As a result, the body starts breaking down fats instead, leading to the production of ketones. The presence of ketones lowers the blood's pH, making it more acidic, which can have serious consequences. Symptoms of DKA may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, high bl