Maxilla and mandible
**Anatomy of Maxilla and Mandible: The Foundation of Oral Structures** The maxilla and mandible are the two major bones of the facial skeleton that form the foundation for the oral cavity and play a crucial role in supporting teeth, chewing, and speech. Let's explore the anatomy of these vital structures: **Maxilla:** **1. Location and Composition:** The maxilla is the upper jawbone and is the largest facial bone. It is a paired bone that forms the central part of the face. The maxilla is composed of two maxillary bones, which fuse at the midline to create the upper jaw. It is a complex structure with several important anatomical features. **2. Maxillary Sinuses:** The maxilla contains two large air-filled cavities called maxillary sinuses or maxillary antra. These sinuses are located above the upper molars and premolars and play a role in reducing the overall weight of the skull and providing resonance to the voice. **3. Alveolar Process:** The maxilla contains a ridge-like stru